Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits. One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide - a key pollutant - and emit oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much more of the sun's heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect. Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work. Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetables and garden herbs can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money and making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment. Câu 43. The author's tone in the passage is best described as ____. A. argumentative B. passionate C. informative D. descriptive Câu 44. Which of the following best describes the main difference between parks and rooftop gardens? A. Parks require much space while rooftop gardens do not. B. Parks are expensive to create while rooftop gardens are not. C. Parks absorb heat while rooftop gardens do not. D. Parks are public while rooftop gardens are private. Câu 45. Using the information in paragraph 3 as a guide, it can be inferred that ____. A. some plants are not suitable for growth in rooftop gardens B. most people prefer life in the country over life in the city C. cities with rooftop gardens are cooler than those without rooftop gardens D. most people prefer parks to rooftop gardens Câu 46. According to the passage, the Urban Heat Island Effect is caused by the fact(s) that ____. A. cities are warmer than nearby rural areas B. building materials release the sun's heat more quickly than organic surfaces C. building materials absorb more of the sun's heat than organic surfaces D. city landscapes contain so much of green spaces. Câu 47. The word "their" in the last paragraph refers to ____. A. city dwellers B. rooftop vegetables C. garden herbs D. rooftop gardens Câu 48. The author claims all of the following to be the benefits of rooftop gardens EXCEPT ____. A. better food for city dwellers B. increased space for private relaxation C. savings on heating and cooling costs D. improved air quality Câu 49. The word "mitigate" in paragraph 2 probably means ____. A. destroy or damage B. strengthen and intensify C. absorb and consume D. alleviate or reduce Câu 50. According to the author, one advantage that rooftop gardens have over parks is that they ____. A. decrease the Urban Heat Island Effect B. replenish the air with nourishing oxygen C. are less expensive than traditional park spaces D. do not require the use of valuable urban land